Adjectives
Adjectives, like nouns, have different forms depending on whether they are en-words, ett-words, plural, definite or indefinite. The good news is that the definite and plural forms are the same.
Belirsiz
The basic rule is that adjectives that go with en-words, do not add any suffix; adjectives that go with ett-words, add -t in the end; adjectives in plural, add -a in the end.
| en- | ett- | Çoğul |
| fin blomma (güzel çiçek) | fint hus (nice house) | fina skor(nice shoes) |
| stor blomma (büyük çiçek) | stort hus (big house) | stora skor (big shoes) |
| eğlence günü (eğlence günü) | roligt ord (funny word) | roliga kläder (funny clothes) |
| snäll flicka (nazik kız) | snällt barn (kind child) | snälla människor (kind people) |
Dikkat edilmesi gereken başka modeller de var:
| Tekil | Çoğul | ||
| en- | ett- | ||
| Sesli harfle biten sıfatlar | ny (new) | nytt | nya |
| Ünsüzle biten sıfatlar + -d | berömd (famous) | berömt | berömda |
| Adjectives ending in -a + -d | frustrerad(frustrated) | frustrerat | fustrerade |
| Ünsüzle biten sıfatlar + -t | intressant (interesting) | intressant | intressanta |
| Sesli harf + -d ile biten sıfatlar | röd (red) | rött | röda |
| -en ile biten sıfatlar | vaken (awake) | vaket | vakna |
| Adjectives ending in -er, -el | vacker (beautifull) enkel (simple) | vackert enkelt | vackra enkla |
| -dd ile biten sıfatlar | högljudd (noisy) | högljutt | högljudda |
| Sesli harf + -m ile biten sıfatlar | dum (stupid) | dumt | dumma |
| Sesli harf + -nn ile biten sıfatlar | tunn (thin) | tunt | tunna |
Some adjectives do not change their form: bra (good), gratis (free), fel (wrong) + adjectives ending in -ande, -ende: talande:> (significant), förstående (understanding).
Note: The adjective liten (small) is irregular: en liten flicka (a small girl), ett litet barn (a small child), två små flickor (two small girls).
Kesin
-a: dyra: (expensive), fina (nice).
İsim belirli formdaysa ve öncesinde belirli formda bir sıfat varsa, sıfattan önce den, det, de olmalıdır:
- den dyra boken - pahali ki̇tap
- det fina hus - güzel ev
- - the kind people - the kind people
After min, din etc. (=possessive pronoun), Nathalies (= genitive noun), samma (the same), nästa (next), the noun must be in its indefinite form:
min dyra bok (my expensive book); samma dyra bok (same expensive book); nästa nya film (next new movie)
Karşılaştırmalar ve Üstünlükler
The easiest way to form comparatives and superlatives in Swedish is to add -are (comparative) and -ast/-aste (superlative indefinite/definite) to the plural form of the adjective.
fin (nice)- finare - finast
snäll (kind)- snällare - snällast
varm (warm)- varmare - varmast
The definite form of superlative adds the suffix -aste instead of -ast:
den vackraste flickan (en güzel kız)
det starkaste barn (en güçlü çocuk)
Adjectives ending in -isk and adjectives in participles use mer(a) and mest:
typisk (typical) - mer typisk (more typical) - mest typisk (most typical)
energisk (energetic) - mer energisk - mest energisk
irriterad (irritated) - mer irriterad - mest irriterad
Düzensizler
Yaygın düzensiz formlardan bazıları:
| Pozitif | Karşılaştırmalı | En Üstünlük |
| stor (büyük) | större | störst |
| liten (küçük) | mindre | minst |
| gammal (eski) | äldre | äldst |
| ung (genç) | yngre | yngst |
| hög (yüksek) | högre | högst |
| låg (düşük) | lägre | lägst |
| uzun (uzun) | längre | längst |
| bra (good) | bättre | bäst |
| yoksul (banyo) | sämre | sämst |
| yoksul (banyo) | värre | värst |
| much (çok) | mer/mera | mest |
| many (birçok) | fler | flest |