Ρήματα

Good news: in Vietnamese, verbs are not conjugated. Each verb only has one form. For tenses, time is often indicated through context or specific time markers. Let's take the verb "làm" (to do/make/work), "ăn" (to eat), and "đi" (to go) as examples to demonstrate how to form sentences in the present, past, and future tenses.

Ενεστώτας χρόνος

In the present tense, Vietnamese does not require a specific marker to indicate the present action; it's often understood from the context or the general present time indicators like "bây giờ" (now), "hôm nay" (today), or the absence of past or future markers.

• Ăn (to eat): "Tôi ăn phở." (I eat pho.)
• Làm (to do/make/work): "Tôi đang làm bài tập." (Now I am doing the homework.)
• Đi (to go): "Hôm nay chúng tôi đi Sapa." (Today we go to Sapa.)

Αόριστος χρόνος

For past tense in Vietnamese, you might use "đã" (did) to indicate that an action has occurred. However, it's often omitted if the context already makes the time clear.

• Làm (to do/make/work): "Hôm qua tôi đã làm bài tập." (Yesterday, I did the homework.)" %}
• Ăn (to eat): "Tôi đã ăn phở sáng nay." (I ate pho this morning.)
• Đi (to go): "Tuần trước chúng tôi đã đi Sapa." (Last week, we went to Sapa.)

Μέλλοντας

For future actions, "sẽ" (will) is used to denote that something is going to happen.

• Làm (to do/make/work): Future: "Tôi sẽ làm việc này vào ngày mai." (I will do this work tomorrow.)
• Ăn (to eat): Future: "Chúng tôi sẽ ăn sushi vào cuối tuần." (We will eat sushi at the weekend.)
• Đi (to go): Future: "Họ sẽ đi đến Hà Nội vào tháng tới." (They will go to Hanoi next month.)

Contextual Clues and Time Markers

Τα Βιετναμέζικα αξιοποιούν συχνά το πλαίσιο και τις χρονικές εκφράσεις όπως "hôm qua" (χθες), "tuần trước" (την περασμένη εβδομάδα), "ngày mai" (αύριο) και "tháng tới" (τον επόμενο μήνα) για να φανεί πότε πραγματοποιείται μια ενέργεια. Αυτό ισχύει ιδιαίτερα στον προφορικό λόγο, όπου το χρονικό πλαίσιο είναι συνήθως κατανοητό από τους συμμετέχοντες στη συζήτηση.